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The Brazilian berimbau is a single-string percussion instrument central to the traditional music and martial art of capoeira, which originated in Brazil. Here are the key features and aspects of the Brazilian berimbau:

Construction:

• The berimbau consists of a long, flexible wooden bow (called "arco") typically made from biriba wood or similar flexible hardwood.
• One end of the arco has a gourd (called "cabaca") attached to it, which acts as a resonator. The gourd is often dried and cut in half, then attached to the arco with a wire.

String and Coin:

• The berimbau has a single steel wire string, which is tightly strung along the length of the arco.
• A small stone or coin (called "dobrao") is tied to the string, near the bottom of the arco. This object serves both as a weight to tension the string and as a striker to produce sound.

Playing Technique:

• To play the berimbau, the musician holds it with one hand while using a stick (called ""baqueta"" or ""baqueta de berimbau"") and a small basket rattle (called ""caxixi"") in the other hand.
• By striking the string with the baqueta and simultaneously manipulating the cabaça to open and close the sound hole, the musician controls the pitch and dynamics of the sound produced.

Sound and Rhythm:

• The berimbau produces a distinctive twangy sound, with variations in pitch depending on the size of the gourd and the tension of the string.
• It plays a crucial role in capoeira, setting the rhythm and pace of the game (jogo) as well as indicating the style and tempo of the music played during capoeira roda (circle).

Cultural Significance:

• Beyond its musical role, the berimbau holds cultural significance in Brazilian Afro-Brazilian traditions, particularly within capoeira communities.
• It is often played alongside other percussion instruments and singing during capoeira events, rituals, and performances.

Overall, the Brazilian berimbau is a symbol of Brazilian culture, deeply intertwined with the history and practice of capoeira, serving both as a musical instrument and a tool for martial arts and cultural expression.